Smoke and spark deelectok



UNITE STA ES AET FFTC,

ALBERT EAMES, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

SMOKE AND SPARK DEFLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,998, dated June 8, 1852.

To all whom 'it may concern.

Be it known that I, ALBERT EAMES, of Springfield, Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful improvement in the method of preventing smoke and sparks from the chimneys of locomotives from entering the cars of railroad-trains, and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure l, is a side elevat-ion of a locomotive with my improvement applied thereto, Fig. 2, a horizontal section thereof taken at the line A a of Fig. l.

The same letters indicate like parts in the two gures.

When railroad trains are in motion and there is a stiff breeze across the track, the smoke and sparks from the chimney of the locomotive are blown away from the train of cars and do not annoy the passengers; but at other times when the train is either moving with or nearly with or against or nearly against the wind, or when there is little or no wind blowing, I have observed that the smoke and sparks start from the chimney and take a direction toward the rear of the train and parallel with the line of motion: the sparks gradually sinking and the column of smoke gradually spreading, in consequence of which they will enter through apertures in the cars, particularly if such apertures be made with the view to introduce air for ventilation.

The ventilation of cars, which has attracted much attention on account of the necessity of closing the windows to exclude dust, has heretofore presented very serious diiiiculties. The motion of railroad trains is suiicient to induce a current, but the air for this purpose cannot be taken from the sides because it is charged with dust; and often with smoke and sparks, and it could not be taken from the top on account of the smoke and sparks from the chimney of the locomotive; but if the smoke and sparks could be so directed as not to come in cont-act with the top of a train then there would be no difficulty in obtaining an efficient ventilation from the top.

The object of my invention is to give such a direction to the smoke and sparks or either from the chimney of a locomotive that the;r

shall not come in contact with or pass over the tops of the cars in the train; and to this ,end the nature of my invention consists in co-mbining with the discharge aperture of the chimney a horizontal tube with two defiecting branches and with a valve or shutter within governed by a vane above so that the smoke and sparks as they leave the chimney shall, by the motion of the train be carried into and out through one or both of the deecting branches and be discharged therefrom at the sides, the passage of the vane through the air governing the position of the valve or shutter within to keep that side closed which is on the side from which the wind or current moves and keep the other side open to insure the escape of the smoke and sparks on that side.

In the accompanying drawings a represents the chimney of a locomotive which can be of any desired suitable construction, and is a hood the forward edge of which extends across the diameter of the chimney, and hence the said hood covers the rear half of the chimney.

To the rear part of the top of the chimney are attached two deflecting tubes c, c, which are curved in opposite directions, and extending to as great a distance laterally as will admit of safe and free passage along the road. These two tubes run into each other and form one single tube over the chimney and some distance back of it the hood form ing the top of the single part and the whole forming an open mouth in front just over the chimney.

At the junction of the two deflecting tubes there is a spindle d, extending down to the bottom and above the top for some distance, and to the lower part is attached a valve or shutter which when turned will close either of the deflecting tubes and compel the smoke and sparks, by the force of the current induced to pass into and out through the open deflecting tube. To the upper end of the said spindle is attached a vane e in the line of the valve or shutter, for the purpose of keeping the said valve or shutter in the proper position according to the direction of the joint forces acting upon it, which forces are the wind and the motion of the train through the air.

From the foregoing it will be seen that whatever may be the direction of the currents which would act on the smoke the discharge must be on one side or the other or at both sides, and thence the smoke and sparks Will pass along in lines parallel or nearly so With the line of motion of the train, and thus leave the top clear, so that ventilators for the introduction of fresh air can be employed Without inconvenience from smoke or sparks.

I do not Wish to limit myself to the special form or position of the deflecting tubes, so long as the same end is attained by analogous means.

of the train What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- The method of directing the discharge of smoke and sparks or either from the chimney of a locomotive, by combining therewith deiiectors, substantially such as herein described, the apertures thereof being governed by a valve or shutter, substantially as YALBERT EAMES.

Witnesses:

CAUSTEN BROWNE,v CHARLES N. BAMBURGH, 

